What is a Water Pressure Reducing Valve?
There are two types of water pressure reducing valves, direct
acting and pilot operated. Both use globe or angle style bodies. Valves
used on smaller piping diameter units are cast from brass; larger piping
diameter units are made from ductile iron. Direct acting valves, the
more popular type of a water pressure reducing valves, consist of
globe-type bodies with a spring-loaded, heat-resistant diaphragm
connected to the outlet of the valve that acts upon a spring. This
spring holds a pre-set tension on the valve seat installed with a
pressure equalizing mechanism for precise water pressure control.
How Does Watts Direct Acting Water Pressure Reducing Valve Work?
Installed in series directly after the water meter in homes,
commercial buildings, and manufacturing plants, a water pressure
reducing valve automatically reduces the pressure fromthe water supply
main to alower, more sensible pressure.
Water entering the valve from municipal mains is
constricted within the valve body and directed through the inner chamber
controlled by an adjustable spring loaded diaphragm and disc. Even if
the supply water pressure fluctuates, the pressure reducing valve
ensures a constant flow of water at a functional pressure, as long as
the supply pressure does not drop below the valve's pre-set pressure.
Sizing a Water Pressure Reducing Valve for Your Application
A properly sized valve prevents noisy operation or premature
valve failure. Over sizing water pressure reducing valves can lead to
problems such as wire draw under low flow conditions. In general, the
minimum flow through a water pressure reducing valve should be 10% to
15% of the maximum flow rate desired in the system. Also, water pressure
reducing valves should be selected based on the flow and pressure
ranges listed in the literature, not the size of the pipe to which they
will be attached. You should select a regulator whose operating
pressures fall within the middle of its rated range.
Choosing the Correct Installation Configuration
Watts water pressure reducing valves can increase your water
system's performance, reduce operating costs, and ensure a longer life
for other plumbing fixtures. Most simple pressure reducing applications
require the installation of a single regulator. However, there are
applications that require the use of more than one unit installed in a
specific system configuration. When there is wide variation in pressure
between the municipal main's inflow pressure and the functional pressure
needed within the building, or when the main's pressure exceeds 200psi,
you should consider using a two-stage, serial reduction configuration.
When you want to maintain a continuous supply of water at reduced
pressures, you should consider a parallel installation.
Two-Stage Serial Reduction Configuration
The two-stage serial reduction approach uses two valves in
series to reduce or eliminate extreme variations between the water
main's inflow pressure and the desired, final reduced pressure. Two
stage reduction is recommended when initial pressures are 200psi or
greater, or when the desired pressure reduction ratio is greater than
4:1, e.g., from 200psi to 50psi, or where the inflow pressure fluctuates
greatly. The advantage of two-stage serial reduction is that neither
valve is subjected to extreme pressure differentials, thus prolonging
valve life and delivering more precise pressure regulation.
Parallel Installation
The parallel installation makes use of two or more smaller size
water pressure reducing valves serving a large size supply pipe main.
This approach should be used wherever there is a wide variation of
reduced pressure requirements such as an apartment building where demand
could be .5 gpm at 1am and 100 gpm at 6am and where you must maintain a
continuous water supply. Parallel installations also offer the
advantage of providing increased capacity where needed beyond that
provided by a single valve. In addition, the parallel configuration
improves valve performance for wide variable demands and permits
servicing of an individual valve without shutting down water flow to the
building completely, thus avoiding costly shutdowns.
Water Pressure Reducing Valve Option Guide
End connections
To facilitate installation and servicing of the regulator, Watts
offers a variety of end fitting configurations, which include union
fittings (female threaded, solder, cpvc, and pex), flanged valves, water
meter threads and special lay lengths for water meter installations.
Please refer to the valve model for specific availability of end
connection options.
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